Jobs

Are you a Java Developer looking for new challenges? What about working with a high-profile client with millions of QPS? 
If you have experience developing high-performance distributed systems, this is the perfect opportunity to work on a new digital marketing management platform with a world-renowned client.

Project tech stack: 
Concurrency -  a high-load low-latency system.

Cache: aerospike, Memcached

Cloud: AWS, GCP

DB: PostgreSQL, Superset

Streams: Kafka, Kinesis

Data formats: Avro, Protobuf
Languages: Java, Scala, Python

About the project:

Our client is a leading streaming service based in the United States. With millions of users worldwide, its devices provide easy access to free TV, live news, sports, movies, etc. The client has an advertising business and also licenses its hardware and software to other companies.

Location:

Ukraine remote

Skills & Experience:

— Background in computer science or similar quantitative field;

— 5+ years of professional software development experience;

— Expert Knowledge of Core Java;

— Experience developing high-scale and high-performance distributed systems;

— Good understanding of algorithms, data structures, performance optimization techniques, object-oriented programming, multi-threading and real-time programming;

— Product-focused mindset;

— Team player with strong interpersonal skills;

— English — Upper intermediate or above.

Responsibilities

— Work with a highly skilled engineering team in all phases of the Agile development process from design to deployment;

— Design, develop, and maintain high-scale, high-performance real-time applications;

— Work with quality assurance, release engineering, and product management to deliver quality software;

— Identify, design, and implement improvements to the current architecture. This may include: internal process improvements, automating manual processes, optimizing data delivery, reducing cost, re-designing infrastructure for greater reliability, etc;

— Take your own initiative in the development process and working atmosphere improvements, be proactive in suggesting new visions and approaches to the platform development; anticipate problems or issues solutions that may arise;

— Deliver constant value back to the business in a highly agile team approaching near-continuous deployment.

What we offer

Work:

Flexible working hours;

Remote work;

Company equipment provision (Macbook);

Health:

Comprehensive medical insurance and sports benefits;

PTO (35 days);

Education:

Allowances for professional education;

English courses with native speakers;

Internal knowledge-sharing sessions.

"The Athena" team in Raiffeisen Bank International builds the customer master data application from scratch. The application handles master data of companies and their owners (other companies or persons) including the ownership structures (graphs).

We are looking for a Senior Test Engineer to strengthen our team.

Technical stack: GoLang +Java, event-based Architecture, Openshift, Kubernetes, REST API, Apache Pulsar, neo4J.

Your qualifications:

• Experience in both manual and automated testing (but focus clearly on manual testing)

• Very good experience in Testing REST APIs and Web GUI

• Knowledge and practical experience with SQL scripting and database structure

• Good knowledge of Test Automation Tools e.g. WebDriver, WebDriverIO, Playwright, Cypress, REST API automated tests (RESTAssured), and implementation of automated Test Cases

• Experience working with Atlassian tools like Jira and Confluence, Zephyr.

• Experience in web application testing

• Advanced knowledge of testing and development approaches and methodologies

• Proven analytical skills and proactive attitude in designing and implementing tests & test frameworks for functional and non-functional test activities.

• Attention to detail and the ability to troubleshoot and debug issues

• Maintain technical documentation, including test plans, test cases, and test summary reports

• Agile mindset and practical experience with Scrum/Kanban combined with a focus on constant improvement

• Experience working with GitHub CI/CD for continuous integration and deployment.

• Very good command of English (mandatory), German is a plus

What do you like about us?

• Motivated team in one of the leading banking groups in Austria and Central and Eastern Europe

• Competitive Salary (based on USD NBU rate)

• English courses

• Long-term official/GIG contract employment, sustainable and stable working environment

• Paid vacation

• Medical insurance after the trial period (3 months)

• Access to professional development programs

• Remote work

Our selection process includes:

• CV pre-screening and a short call with a recruiter

• Online interview with a technical expert from the project
• Virtual interview with Scrum master

• Background security check running in parallel

• Prompt feedback after every stage and a summary of next steps.

If you are interested in this opportunity, please apply now attaching your CV in English.

Responsibilities:

Oversight of a team of business analysts

Comprehensive understanding of the software development lifecycle;

Creation of functional documentation, including requirements and fit-gap analysis;

Active participation in discussions related to requirements, design, and estimation;

Collaboration with software development and business teams throughout the entire development life cycle to enhance usability and efficiency;

Verification of system usability through extensive interface, workflow, and use-case test execution;

Acquisition of in-depth knowledge of the system to effectively apply its functionalities to meet customer needs.

Prioritization of epics/tasks

Required background and skills:

Minimum of 5 years as a Business Analyst, with at least 2 years in a lead role

Proficiency in working with tools such as Confluence, Jira, Figma, Axure, Creatio, or other diagramming (workflow diagram), Miro

Experience in the banking domain

Mandatory upper-intermediate English language proficiency

Strong problem-solving, analytical, and investigative skills

Effective communication, presentation, and negotiation skills, with the ability to provide clarity to both customers and development teams

Knowledge of various business analysis activities across the entire software development life cycle, as well as SCRUM methodologies and requirements elicitation techniques

Enthusiasm for analysis, research, investigations, writing, and continuous learning

A team player with a focus on driving results over processes

Willingness to take ownership and make timely decisions.

Looking for a Middle Manual QA Engineer to join the Product development team working on online gambling projects. Remote Full time.

Responsibilities:

• Research and report issues and defects into a problem tracking system (JIRA);

• Design, implement and maintain test cases.

• Work with Development teams to develop test cases.

• Produce test reports; Document and manage defect identification through resolution and closure;

• Participate in User Acceptance Testing (UAT), System Testing, Smoke Testing and Integration Testing, Interface Testing, and Regression Testing.

Experience:

• 5 or more years of QA experience in a modern software development workflow

• Proven 2 or more years qa experience in gambling or gaming projects.

• Experience writing test cases for manual testing.

• Experience testing end to end.

• Relational databases (MySQL preferred).

• AWS, Docker, and Kubernetes experience a plus.

• English: Upper intermediate

We offer:

• Long-term contract

• Competitive compensation

• Flexible working schedule

• 100% Remote position

We are an iGaming company with over three years of experience and a team of more than 1300+ specialists. 

Our achievements include 10+ major projects that are popular among our clients and successfully operate in Tier 1-3 countries.
The company attracts and values highly qualified specialists, which allows us to efficiently build processes and successfully expand our presence in new locations. 

Join the team that launches new projects in various markets and shapes the future of the iGaming industry.
 

Tasks and responsibilities:

- Ensuring product development and profitability

- Transforming strategy into practical steps for growth by implementing organization-wide goal setting

- Control financial management, budgeting and financial stability

- Control daily activities, ensuring efficiency and effectiveness

- To maintain strong relations with partners, ensuring satisfaction of their needs and prompt resolution of any problems

- Monitor the company's activities and employee productivity, creating an inclusive culture that ensures the prosperity of team members and the achievement of organizational goals

- Recruit, develop and lead a high-performing executive team

What we expect:

- Experience in the iGaming niche or related niches

- 3+ years of work in management positions

- Outstanding organizational and leadership qualities, as well as obvious competence in strategic planning and business development

- Strong analytical skills, ability to use data to make business decisions

- Deep understanding of financial business processes;

- Assessment of the company's risks, ensuring their control and minimization

- Excellent communication skills

- Availability of knowledge in related fields (Finance, Legal, Marketing)

- Management of a team of 500+ employees

We offer:

- Flexible work schedule remotely

- Paid sick and vacation days

- Cool and creative gifts for holidays and important events of employees

- Necessary equipment for work as needed

- Competitive salary and incentives for your contribution and result

- The opportunity to participate in the company's internal events: open negotiations, product meetings and trainings on the development of soft skills

- Absence of micromanagement, hierarchy, fast decision-making speed

- The possibility of moving to European countries where we have offices

- Attending top conferences around the world

We're looking for an experienced Software Engineer to join our team! The position will include building great products, tackling interesting challenges, and contributing to our engineering culture. We expect you to work in pairs, use test-driven development, be experienced in building complex web applications, and write both clean and maintainable code.

Your skills

🔶 Excellent general programming skills, ability to work with complex codebases

🔶 Extensive knowledge of Ruby, Ruby on Rails, and its testing frameworks

🔶 Experience in writing JavaScript applications using modern frameworks

🔶 Practical experience in different DBs (e.g. RDBMS, Key Value / Tuple Store, Wide Column Store / Column Families, Document Store)

🔶 Experience with cloud hosting providers (e.g. AWS, Google Cloud, Digital Ocean, Heroku)

🔶 Comfortable with the UNIX/Linux command line

🔶 Experience in test-driven development and pair programming (good to have)

🔶 Comfortable taking the lead on projects and working without lots of oversight

🔶 Good English (both written and spoken)

Your responsibilities

🔷 End-to-end product development

🔷 Write reusable and maintainable code

🔷 Write tests to thoroughly validate the correctness of your code

🔷 Actively contribute to the identification of problems and their solutions

🔷 Collaborate in a cross-functional team to ensure the project meets business objectives and compliance standards

🔷 Work in a flat-structured company

We offer

Outstanding development culture bit.ly/rw-devculture
🔷 Collaborate with us remotely from any location or in one of our offices (Kyiv/Krakow) bit.ly/rw-remotecollab
🔷 We offer flexible hours
🔷 Get competitive compensation, access to savings program, and microcredits
🔷 Phantom Stock Units to reward your contribution
🔷 Thanks to our hardware policy, we use the best equipment and can regularly update it
🔷 34 days a year as paid time off (24 standard days + 10 more to cover public holidays)
🔷 Health policy budget will cover your private sports and healthcare expenses
🔷 Participate in local and international conferences
🔷 Our offices are equipped with modern ergonomic chairs and standing desks
🔷 You can always find fresh food and drinks in our kitchen
🔷 In Ukraine, we collaborate through Diia.City
 

Are you a Java Developer looking for new challenges? What about working with a high-profile client with millions of QPS? If you have experience developing high-performance distributed systems, this is the perfect opportunity to work on a new digital marketing management platform with a world-renowned client.

Project tech stack: Java 11, Concurrency, Scala, Big Data, Amazon AWS (EC2, Kinesis, Dynamo, Cloudfront, Cloudwatch, Athena), Aerospike, Avro, Netty, Tomcat, Apache Mina, Lucene

About the project:

Our client is a leading streaming service based in the United States. With millions of users worldwide, its devices provide easy access to free TV, live news, sports, movies, etc. The client has an advertising business and also licenses its hardware and software to other companies.

Location:

Remote: Ukraine

Skills & Experience:

— Background in computer science or similar quantitative field;

— 5+ years of professional software development experience;

— Expert Knowledge of Core Java;

— Experience developing high-scale and high-performance distributed systems;

— Excellent understanding of algorithms, data structures, performance optimization techniques, object-oriented programming, multi-threading and real-time programming;

— Product-focused mindset;

— Team player with strong interpersonal skills;

— English — Upper intermediate or above.

As a plus

— Experience with cache optimization, distributed cache, and NO SQL DB is a plus;

— Experience with Big Data and AWS services is a plus;

— Experience in the advertising domain is a big plus.

Responsibilities

— Work with a highly skilled engineering team in all phases of the Agile development process from design to deployment;

— Design, develop, and maintain high-scale, high-performance real-time applications;

— Work with quality assurance, release engineering, and product management to deliver quality software;

— Identify, design, and implement improvements to the current architecture. This may include: internal process improvements, automating manual processes, optimizing data delivery, reducing cost, re-designing infrastructure for greater reliability, etc;

— Take your own initiative in the development process and working atmosphere improvements, be proactive in suggesting new visions and approaches to the platform development; anticipate problems or issues solutions that may arise;

— Deliver constant value back to the business in a highly agile team approaching near-continuous deployment.

What we offer

Work:

Flexible working hours;

Direct communication with C-levels;

Collaborative, friendly team environment

Hybrid work;

Company equipment provision;

Life:

Maternity and paternity leaves;

Proxet Culture Club events;

Company social events;

Annual corporate parties;

Health:

Comprehensive medical insurance and sports benefits;

Mental health program with private consultations;

Live webinar with therapists;

Paid sick leaves;

Education:

Allowances for professional education;

English courses with native speakers;

Internal knowledge-sharing sessions.

Our product and outsourcing company, based in the United States, Sweetcode Lab is looking for a talented Node.js Developer for freelance cooperation.

Sweetcode Lab successfully in business for over 5 years with 50+ people in the team, constantly growing and always looking to bring new talents on board, they are the core of our success. If your goal is to work with a strong and experienced team, have the freedom to travel, and have a perfect work/life balance, then contact us today!

Requirements:

— A minimum of 4 years experience with Node.js.

— Proficient in Express, Fastify, Nest (at least 4 years).

— Experienced in database management with PostgreSQL and MongoDB.

Will be plus:

-Skilled in React development.

Responsibilities:

— Architectural solution development for new application functionalities.

— Creation of technical documentation (TSD) for developers.

— Writing clean, efficient code to enhance project development.

— Application performance optimization.

— Bug fixes in existing code and enhancement of its stability.

— Collaboration and support for front-end developers.

— Conducting code reviews, sharing expertise, and suggesting improvements.

— Initiative in development process enhancement and self-work analysis.

— Basic testing of written code to ensure its flawless operation.

— Integration of new technologies and solutions into the existing codebase.

— Excellent communication skills.

We look forward to hearing from you and hopefully having you join our team.

Responsibilities:

 Develop and maintain high-performance, scalable, and fault-tolerant systems using Scala;
- Collaborate with cross-functional teams to design and develop software solutions that meet business needs;
- Design, develop, and test software components, services, and APIs;
- Write clean, efficient, and maintainable code;
- Troubleshoot and debug production issues, collaborate with the DevOps team;
- Working proactively on code quality, observability and best practices held across the company.

Hard Skills:

- Proficiency in Scala and its ecosystem (sbt, ZIO, PlayFramework, Sangria, and other libraries). At least 3 years of experience is desired;
- Experience with functional programming and distributed systems;
- Understanding how the JVM, JDK/JRE, and accompanying technologies work;
- Familiarity with database technologies (SQL, NoSQL);
- Hands-on experience using Kafka;
- Knowledge of web technologies (HTTP, REST, GraphQL) and microservice architecture (service mesh);
- Experience with software testing and debugging tools.

Nice to Have:

- Familiarity with Kubernetes and Docker.
- Experience with Aerospike or other KV database.
- Experience with FP paradigm and other JVM languages.
- Understanding of CI/CD tools and methodologies.

What We Offer:

- A job in a stable company – we have been in the market for over 13 years;
- Truly engaging tasks – take part in creating the media service of the future;
- Relationships built on trust and plenty of opportunities for growth;
- Swimming sessions, table tennis lessons, and piano classes;
- Free English lessons;
- A corporate psychologist;
- Discounts from partner brands and our service.
 

By applying for the vacancy and submitting your resume to the Company (LLC “MEGOGO”), registered and operating in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine, registration number 38347009, address: Ukraine, 01011, Kyiv, Rybalska Street, 22 (hereinafter referred to as the “Company”), you confirm and agree that the Company processes your personal data provided in your resume in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On Personal Data Protection” and GDPR regulations.

Join our innovative and dynamic team, where we are dedicated to building cutting-edge software solutions that make a difference. We pride ourselves on our collaborative environment, continuous learning culture, and commitment to excellence. If you are passionate about technology and looking to take your career to the next level, we want to hear from you!

We are seeking a skilled and enthusiastic Middle+ Java Developer with a strong background in SQL, JOOQ, and Spring Boot. The ideal candidate will have a passion for developing high-quality software and a desire to work in a fast-paced, agile environment. You will be an integral part of our development team, contributing to the design, implementation, and maintenance of complex, scalable systems.

Responsibilities:

• Design, develop, and maintain Java-based applications using Spring Boot.
• Implement and optimize SQL queries and database interactions using JOOQ.
• Collaborate with cross-functional teams to define, design, and ship new features.
• Troubleshoot, debug, and optimize existing systems to ensure performance and reliability.
• Participate in code reviews, ensuring adherence to best practices and high standards.

• Stay updated with the latest industry trends and technologies to drive innovation within the team.

   

Requirements:

• Experience: Minimum of 4-5 years of hands-on experience in Java development.
• Technical Skills:
  • Proficiency in Java and Spring Boot framework.
  • Strong experience with SQL and database management.
  • Hands-on experience with JOOQ for database interaction.
  • Familiarity with RESTful API design and implementation.
• Soft Skills:
  • Excellent problem-solving abilities and attention to detail.
  • Strong communication skills, both written and verbal.
  • Ability to work effectively in a collaborative team environment.
  • Self-motivated with a strong desire to learn and innovate.

Preferred Qualifications:

• Experience with cloud platforms (AWS, Azure, GCP).
• Familiarity with containerization technologies (Docker, Kubernetes).
• Knowledge of CI/CD pipelines and DevOps practices.
• Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science, Engineering, or a related field.

If you are ready to make a significant impact and grow your career with us, please submit your resume and a cover letter detailing your experience and why you would be a great fit for our team. 

Join us and be a part of something extraordinary!

Company Overview:

ATWIX is a full-service eCommerce agency with a proven track record of delivering innovative solutions to our clients. We specialize in award-winning digital transformations, delivering end-to-end implementations, design and development, performance improvements, ongoing maintenance and support. Today, we are one of the longest serving and highly-certified members in the Magento Community.

Job Summary:

We are seeking an experienced Senior Business Analyst to join our global team and play a key role in supporting multiple e-commerce projects. The Senior Business Analyst will work remotely, collaborating with a global team across multiple time zones, to deliver best-in-class e-commerce solutions. The ideal candidate will have 5-7 years of experience as a client-facing e-commerce business analyst, with a strong background in writing user stories, functional and technical requirements, and supporting Agile methodologies.

Responsibilities:

1. Requirements Gathering and Analysis:

- Collaborate with clients to gather and analyze business requirements for e-commerce projects.

- Write clear and concise user stories, functional and technical requirements documents, ensuring alignment with project goals and objectives.

2. Agile Methodologies

- Facilitate Agile refinement meetings to refine and prioritize product backlog items, ensuring they are ready for Sprint planning.

- Support Agile development teams by providing ongoing clarification and guidance on requirements throughout the Sprint.

3. User Acceptance Testing (UAT) Support:

- Assist in the development of UAT test plans and test cases based on business requirements.

- Support UAT execution by coordinating with stakeholders, facilitating test sessions, and documenting test results.

4. Documentation and Reporting:

- Write and maintain comprehensive project documentation, including requirements documents, process flows, and technical specifications.

- Create and manage reporting dashboards to track project progress, risks, and issues, providing regular updates to stakeholders.

5. Coaching and Mentorship:

- Coach and mentor more junior Business Analysts, providing guidance on best practices, techniques, and tools.

- Foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement within the Business Analysis team.

6. New Business Support:

- Support new business and sales activities by assisting in the preparation of proposals, RFP responses, and client presentations.

- Collaborate with Sales and Solution Architect teams to understand client needs and develop tailored solutions.

Qualifications:

- 5-7 years of experience as a client-facing e-commerce business analyst, preferably in a global environment.

- Strong expertise in writing user stories, functional and technical requirements for e-commerce projects.

- Proficiency in Agile methodologies, with experience facilitating Agile ceremonies and supporting Agile development teams.

- Excellent communication and interpersonal skills, with the ability to work effectively with global teams across different time zones.

- Demonstrated ability to coach and mentor junior team members.

- Experience in supporting user acceptance testing (UAT) and documenting test results.

- Proficiency in business analysis tools and software.

- Ability to prioritize and manage multiple projects simultaneously in a fast-paced environment.

- Advanced English level.

We offer:

- Be part of a global eCommerce agency.

- Option for remote work.

- Paid time-off.

- Flexible schedule.

- State-of-the-art working equipment.

ATWIX is committed to diversity, equity, and inclusion. We welcome candidates from all backgrounds to apply.

To apply for this position, please submit your resume and cover letter. We look forward to hearing from you!

Requirements and tasks: 

- Sound knowledge of Python object-oriented programming 

- Experience with Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib 

- Error handling and logging 

- Documentation with Python 

- Interfaces and data processing 

- Import/export of data (CSV, Excel, XML, JSON) 

- Connection to databases (e.g. PostgreSQL) 

- Experience with REST APIs is an advantage 

- Ideally experience with PowerFactory 

- Knowledge of the PowerFactory Python API 

- Automation of load flow, short circuit and dynamic simulations 

- Working with grid models (CIM) 

- Ideally an understanding of the energy industry 

- Project experience in the energy industry, ideally with grid operators 

- Knowledge of system management or grid planning

We offer:

• Attractive financial package

• Challenging projects

• Professional & career growth

• Great atmosphere in a friendly small team

We are looking for a passionate Product Owner with a vision to catapult our product onto the global stage.

As the Product Owner, you will play a pivotal role in championing the product's journey, from conception to worldwide recognition. Key responsibilities include curating the product backlog, shepherding features through the development lifecycle, orchestrating release strategies, and serving as a bridge between technical and non-technical departments.
 

The Product Owner is expected to:

• Participate in product backlog managing. 
• Manage features from the research phase to the release phase.
• Take part in planning releases.
• Handle incoming feature requests, define functionalities, and collaborate with the team for clarifications.
• Evaluate requested functionalities prior to Production release.
• Serve as a connection between technical and non-technical divisions.
• Aid other departments in delivering developed features to customers.
• Manage team priorities and workload.
• Facilitate team planning.
• Assume a leadership role within the development team.

• Coordinate internal resources for timely execution of backlog tasks.

   

Our ideal candidate should correspond to the following required competencies:

• At least 7 years of IT experience.
• Proficiency in web technologies and the development life cycle.
• Background in the Fintech sector.
• Strong written and verbal communication abilities.
• Upper Intermediate level of English proficiency or above.
• Outstanding teamwork capabilities.
• Demonstrated capacity to influence cross-functional teams without formal authority.
• Ability to excel in a fast-paced work environment.

Will be a plus:

• Experience in development BaaS solution or CBS or cryptocurrency exchange 
• Knowledges and/or experience in WEB 3.0
• Knowledges and/or experience in using AI in business

Who we’re looking for?

• 7+ years of experience in software engineering
• Strong backend skills: Node.js, NestJS (or similar), SQL, NoSQL
• Knowledge of design patterns, algorithms, and system architecture
• Excellent communication skills; collaborative, curious, and thoughtful
• Advanced English
  Will be a plus
• Experience working in a fintech product company
• Experience with cloud infrastructure (AWS), CI/CD, and Kubernetes
   

What you’ll be doing? 

You’ll join the Application team and contribute to delivering a best-in-class investment experience for our users. We work with modern technologies like TypeScript, Node.js, NestJS, React, RxJS, AWS, Kubernetes, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.

You will:

• Lead backend feature development — from concept to release
• Own features end-to-end — from requirements to testing, deployment, and iteration
• Design scalable APIs and services that power our frontend
• Process large, complex datasets
• Identify and resolve performance bottlenecks
• Collaborate closely with product and design teams to deliver features that make an impact
   

What we offer

• Remote-first work culture with flexible hours
• Competitive salary with bonus potential
• Health insurance or monthly well-being allowance
• Extra vacation days for work-life balance
• Access to a modern coworking space in Kyiv (optional)
• Powerful equipment and everything you need to do your best work
• Direct user impact — your work will reach a global audience quickly
• Strong Team – Collaborate with smart, kind, and experienced teammates
• Fast Feedback Loops – We ship frequently and improve based on real user input
• Ownership & Growth – Contribute ideas, lead initiatives, and grow with the product
• Product-Driven Culture – Transparent, fast-moving, and focused on solving real problems
• Low Bureaucracy – We value autonomy, clarity, and action

We are looking for a Senior BI Developer to join our team. This role involves designing, developing, and maintaining BI solutions. Your primary goal will be to create robust BI solutions that enable accurate and insightful reporting for key stakeholders.

Your tasks

• Develop and maintain BI solutions using the MS Power BI stack, including dashboards, reports, and data models.
• Design and implement data pipelines, transforming manual processes into automated workflows for aggregating and analyzing warranty data
• Collaborate with cross-functional teams to understand data requirements and ensure accurate data mapping and integration
• Work with SSAS, SQL, OLAP, DAX, and tabular cube models, and assist in migrating and integrating these systems into modern BI solutions
• Monitor and improve data quality and performance of BI solutions to ensure timely and accurate delivery of insights

Requirements

• Proven experience as BI Developer, with strong expertise in MS Power BI and related tools
• Good conceptual and technical knowledge on MS tabular model
• Good SQL scripting skills
• Good on translating functional requirements to SQL codes 
• Experience in building and optimizing data pipelines and workflows
• Strong analytical skills with the ability to translate business requirements into technical solutions
• Good written and spoken English